First update the package sources and installed packages:

apt update && apt upgrade -y

Install the necessary packages for adding the Docker repository:

apt install -y ca-certificates curl gnupg

Create the folder for the keyring and add the GPG key:

mkdir -p /etc/apt/keyrings
curl -fsSL https://download.docker.com/linux/debian/gpg | gpg --dearmor -o /etc/apt/keyrings/docker.gpg
chmod a+r /etc/apt/keyrings/docker.gpg

Configure the Docker repository:

echo "deb [arch=$(dpkg --print-architecture) signed-by=/etc/apt/keyrings/docker.gpg] https://download.docker.com/linux/debian bookworm stable" > /etc/apt/sources.list.d/docker.list

Update the package list and install Docker with the required components:

apt update
apt install -y docker-ce docker-ce-cli containerd.io docker-buildx-plugin docker-compose-plugin

Check that Docker is installed correctly by running a test container:

docker run hello-world

Check the Docker Compose version:

docker compose version

=> You should now have successfully installed Docker and Docker Compose on Debian 12..